Black Code Page #3

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and curbs on physical spaces,

they are doing exactly the same

in online spaces as well.

So precisely the reason we are standing

out there to reclaim those spaces.

And we have to at some point,

and we'll continue to do that.

Oh, my God. [sighs]

The government has the ability

to ban specific pages.

[speaking foreign language]

[in English] You ban all of

Facebook, businesses are suffering,

people communicate.

I mean, you can

laugh and joke and say,

"For a few days people won't play

FarmVille," but it's not about that.

It's about your fundamental

rights being snatched from you

and no government, in my opinion,

should have the ability to do that.

[woman] Right.

Not only that, they banned

Wikipedia for a little while.

- Yes, mm-hmm.

- YouTube.

Uh, about several thousand

websites were affected.

I think the Internet is

this vast, unregulated,

wonderful, democratizing space

and no matter what anyone does,

people will find a way.

[sitar music]

[typing]

[music continues]

Hi, I'm Sabeen Mahmud, and I'm

the director of Peace Nation,

a nonprofit organization.

I've always believed that technology

is always the driver of change,

not business, not governments,

but technology.

And gender-based violence

has always existed

but with the advent of the Internet and

the number of social networking tools,

I think it's

a great mobilization platform.

[mouse clicks]

[sitar music]

[anchor] Sabeen Mahmud

was leaving a Karachi restaurant

when the gunman

attacked her in her car.

Her mother who was also

accompanying her was wounded

and now is in a critical

condition.

Mahmud was taken to a hospital

where she was pronounced dead.

[sitar music continues]

[inaudible]

When she spoke in physical

spaces, nothing happened.

When she was carrying on her

campaign, she was not targeted.

People were amused or they

ignored her,

or they just walked past.

But when this whole, sort of,

campaign

hit the Internet

and the social media,

that's when

the lynch mobs gathered.

And one of

the reasons I find is,

that speech in a physical space lasts

only as long as you're speaking.

But once it is uploaded onto the Internet

on any platform, it is there forever.

And then your attackers or,

you know, whoever opposes you,

they gather,

and then they spread it further

and more and more

people join that group

of people who are attacking and

it takes on a life of its own.

[chattering]

[Deibert] We're going through

a demographic revolution.

The center of gravity of cyberspace

is shifting right before our eyes.

From the north and the west of the

planet, where it was invented,

to the South and the East.

The vast majority of Internet

users today and into the future

are coming

from the developing world,

for whom these technologies

are empowering.

What should we expect then from

these next billion digital users

as they come online

in the post-Snowden era?

[inaudible]

- [cheering]

- [horns blowing]

[siren wails]

[shouting in Portuguese]

[screaming]

[cheering]

[man on PA]

[shouting in Portuguese]

[in Portuguese]

[shouting]

[in Portuguese]

[speaking Portuguese]

[in English] Once we started

with Midia Ninja,

and we went to the streets

and tried to do live streaming.

There was a mobile station

with an electric generator

using gasoline, you know,

a 4G modem, a laptop,

a camera, a video switcher and...

- [imitating vibrating machine]

- [synthesized music]

[in Portuguese]

[Silva] It was good

in the first two or three times

in more calm demonstrations.

I remember there was a discussion,

and then Carioca said,

"No, I found an app.

Its name is TwitCasting

and maybe we can try it."

[electropop]

It was a Japanese free app used by

teenagers to hang out, you know.

[in Portuguese]

- [chanting]

- [speaks Portuguese]

- [singing in Portuguese]

- [indistinct]

Looking at Brazil, this is one

of those cases where you have

a sporting event, in this case,

which triggers all sorts of

extra concern around security

and the control of information,

much of it legitimate.

But what often happens is that

the layering of surveillance,

extra-legal measures that

happens leading up to

and during these events

doesn't just disappear.

It becomes part of

the permanent architecture.

[chanting in Portuguese]

[in Portuguese]

[chanting in Portuguese]

[Deibert] Mobile phones are prevalent.

Everyone has one in their hands.

And the police

now use a technique

where they set up fake cell phone towers

that captures everyone within the vicinity

and gathers up identifying information

that's emitted by the cell phones,

which they then

use to track people

and associate them

with each other

and being at specific

physical events like a protest

and the government

can go back in time

and re-create every facet of your

life on that particular day and hour.

With whom

you were communicating.

Not only what you're broadcasting

but what you're saying privately

and use this to incriminate you

down the road.

[in Portuguese]

[in Portuguese]

[in Portuguese]

[in Portuguese]

People realize there's

some hidden mechanism of power

going on through surveillance.

And you begin to suspect, maybe,

this device you can't trust.

Maybe the state's in here

or it's in my mobile phone or...

And as that kind of

seeps out there,

people become much more

unwilling to take risks.

You know, even in our own work,

we're much more cautious

about what we say over e-mail,

worried that

somebody's listening and so on.

It's like sand in the machinery.

It kind of slows things down

and everything becomes

much more complicated,

just to communicate

basic instructions.

You're like, "Oh,

first I have to encrypt it."

All these technologies too,

cryptography things,

they might be getting cheap,

but if we consider in terms

of time, they are expensive.

You know, people are being

murdered every day in the favelas.

The military police

are still running.

So it's complicated now

to stop the machines

and adapt our system

to a more safe mode.

[crowd booing]

[in Portuguese]

[Bentes, in Portuguese]

Oh, my, oh

I'll go for what you know

Who I owe

Why own when you can just

Sell it

[in Portuguese]

[man] Those gloves

Just take 'em off

Move before

The city moves to us

To us, to us

[explosion]

- [horns playing]

- [helicopter flying over]

[shouting]

[shouting in Portuguese,

indistinct]

[crowd applauding]

[Deibert] So at the same time

that you have so many people

able to communicate to

a global audience at an instant,

governments, in ways that

they weren't 20 years ago,

are really ramping up information

controls because they see...

And when we say "governments," we're

really talking about entrenched powers,

institutionalized, uh, you know,

forms of capitalism in the state

that see, you know,

this type of unpredictable citizen

activism as a threat to their interests

and are developing ways

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