Trinity and Beyond Page #3

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A nuclear device of 47

kilotonnes was placed on a tower,

which blew many buildings,

that had been built

to test the survivability

in a nuclear environment.

Test structural effects.

The fourth test of the operation

Greenhouse testing was "Item".

A trial approximately 45.5 kilotonnes

in which tritium was burned

in the center of the nuclear explosion.

And this process, placing the center of tritium

of nuclear weapons is called "Boosting".

We increased the yield

from 20 to 45.5 kilotonnes,

more than double,

through this process.

A very important feature

to increase the storage capacity

nuclear weapons of United States

at that time.

First test of the principle "Boosting"

Another event of Greenhouse

was the event called "George."

George was a huge weapon

of 225 kilotons

which was used to burn

a capsule deuterium.

This was the first experience with weapon

Thermonuclear we conducted.

HYDROGEN BOMB DO

Several people have mentioned, we

have discussed many times.

the end of the war, most

people wanted to stop, but not me.

Because there was a more

extensive knowledge in the key.

And in uncertain times

was to come,

with dangerous men

the world as Stalin

and our incomplete knowledge,

I thought it was necessary

to learn more.

Among all who knew

along the hydrogen bomb,

I was his only supporter.

And that is why I

given my contribution.

Not that I invented,

others have done,

and others in a common

Soviet did,

but I was the person

who has knowledge

and the availability of such knowledge

above all.

And I must say that

it has pleased Trueman,

, and he made the right decision.

"Truman approves

the hydrogen bomb "

Welcome aboard

USS Estes.

As you may know,

Estes is the command ship

the joint working group "1-42".

We are just minutes

the first explosion, "Mike"

Operation Ivy.

59 minutes to be exact.

We are here since dawn,

and we talked all night

wee hours of the morning.

As you can imagine,

emotions are very strong

right now.

And there are reasons for this.

If all goes as planned,

we shall see

The most powerful explosion

never caused on

the surface of the earth.

Island test "Mike"

is located in the north

of Enewetak Atoll.

about 40 km of the islands

Parry and Enewetak.

The two islands at the base of this

test area in the atolls.

The three islands that make up

the test site

have been connected by bridges,

constructed to facilitate

the displacement of an island to each other,

and to serve as a platform

for some of the instruments.

On the island "Mike" was the cab,

or the building housing the device.

The device "Mike" was called

the "wet bomb"

because he used

liquid hydrogen isotopes

to create the thermonuclear reaction.

This made the device

very impressive,

it weighed 62 tons which made

impractical as throwing weapon.

A wood tube

Zero was the island,

along the road,

to a detection station

located on the farthest island,

Cu tube was filled with helium,

to allow radiation

fatal to travel

more rapidly to

the detection station,

before the island is

consumed by the fireball.

You have a seat in the grandstand

for one of the most important moments

in the history of science.

In less than a minute you

see the most powerful explosion

ever seen by man.

The explosion will appear on the horizon

more or less there.

And what is the importance of the moment:

this is the first large trial

a hydrogen weapon.

If the reaction occurs, we

entering the thermonuclear age.

For the good of us all,

and that of our country,

I know you join me in

This expedition is a success.

30 seconds until time zero

Wear eye protection

or look away.

Do not remove the protection or

do not watch the explosion

for 10 seconds

after the first light.

Least 15 seconds.

Less 10 seconds.

Nine, eight, seven, six

five...

First hydrogen bomb

large-scale

2-6 approach "Ground Zero".

I head Bogoni.

station detection bogon

seems to be in good condition.

visual signals to indicate

the tunnel wood

All the islands of the test

seem to have been swept away.

Elugelab has completely disappeared.

There is nothing more than water

and what looks like a deep crater.

THE BATTLEFIELD AREA NUCL

In the spring of 1953,

Commission for Nuclear Energy

and the Department of Defense has made

11 nuclear tests in Nevada

under the code name

"Upshot-Knothole."

The Upshot-Knothole objective was to

test new nuclear weapons,

improve tactics of combat,

and study the needs of defense

civil case of Soviet attack.

The first event, called "Encore",

was a 27 kiloton weapon

launched from an aircraft and

landed at an altitude of approximately 850m

over a wide line

deflagration.

The second explosion of the Ministry

of Defense, called "Grable"

exploded in the same region,

and was launched by the new

cannon artillery of the army.

A 280mm projectile was launched

and exploded in the same area

with a power of about 15 kilotons,

at an altitude of approximately 150 meters.

The least powerful,

15 kilotons to 150 meters,

produced a much greater destruction

that the higher power device,

Still, 27 kilotonnes of 850m.

This is because less energy

low-lying

produces a shock wave abnormal

we now call "Pre Crusher"

that generates very violent

wind dynamic

generating for the target

very serious damage.

For example, a Jeep on the ground, had

not damaged especially with Encore,

but with Grable and

effect "Pre Crusher"

the same jeep was

broken into pieces,

and thrown out on

a distance of 150 meters.

There are many other features

these two launches,

but they opened a whole new view

on how to use weapons

nuclear in a combat situation.

THE SAFETY S IS COMMON SENSE!

Common sense tells them that

it's dangerous and stupid.

You would not want to risk your life

in a stunt like this.

Common sense tells us that to be pulled

by a gun is a risky business.

Common sense tells you not to

distraction on an airfield

with propellers and engines

in reaction activity.

handling dynamite

seems too dangerous.

But is routine

daily for men

because they observe the instructions

safety based on common sense.

But sometimes we forget that sometimes

breaches of security

can also be dangerous.

If confidential information

these test missions fall into enemy hands,

the consequences would be

disastrous for us all,

individually and collectively

as a nation.

Safety is just

common sense.

Do not take chances!

Avoid talking too much!

Store safely

confidential information

Immediately report

security breaches.

Early intervention can

prevent a minor incident

becomes a serious problem.

Avoid writing about

confidential documents at home.

Make sure your safety!

Do not be careless!

I hate careless people...

THE GREATES Work on Cluster

high-power hydrogen

had increased since

Operation Ivy,

culminating in spring 1954

with the operation "Castle Bravo".

The most powerful device detonated

in the atmosphere by United States.

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